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What are the months and seasons in Hindi?

Everyday Hindi uses the English month names, pronounced with Hindi sounds — जनवरी (janvari), फ़रवरी (farvari), मार्च (maarch). There is also a traditional Hindu calendar with its own months (चैत्र, वैशाख…), but those appear in festivals and almanacs rather than in conversation. The six seasons, however, are used constantly and have no English equivalent.

Months: use the English ones

In speech, on forms, in shops — जनवरी, फ़रवरी, मार्च, अप्रैल, मई, जून, जुलाई, अगस्त, सितंबर, अक्टूबर, नवंबर, दिसंबर. Learn to read them in Devanagari and you are done.

The traditional months (Chaitra, Vaishakh, Jyeshtha…) run on a lunisolar calendar and matter for festivals. Holi falls in Phalgun; Diwali in Kartik. You do not need them to speak, but you will meet them the first time someone explains a festival date.

Seasons: six, not four

This is the part worth learning, because it is genuinely different.

वसंत (vasant) — spring
ग्रीष्म (greeshm) — summer
वर्षा (varsha) — the monsoon
शरद (sharad) — early autumn, after the rains
हेमंत (hemant) — pre-winter
शिशिर (shishir) — deep winter

Six seasons of two months each. It maps the north Indian year far better than four does, and the monsoon in particular is not a season English has a word for.

In conversation

Most people say मौसम (mausam, weather) and name three: गर्मी (garmi, the hot season), सर्दी (sardi, the cold one), बरसात (barsaat, the rains). Learn those three first — they are what you will actually hear.

Saying "in January"

जनवरी में (janvari mein). में covers "in" for months, years and seasons alike.

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