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Arabic B2 — Advanced: subjunctive, conditionals, debate, culture

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The whole Arabic B2 level as one readable page: 3 units, 9 lessons, 63 words, 289 questions with every answer shown, a worksheet and a 10-item level test. Nothing here is behind JavaScript, and nothing needs an account.

Who this level is for. B2 is one of the six CEFR levels and the B2 rung on this site’s ladder: the learner in the picture is an adult, because on this site age is the rung — the same learner grows up the ladder as the language grows. By the end of it you can read a newspaper, write a real letter, joke.
An adult learning Arabic at level B2 (adult)
B2 — on the ladder this level is an adult, age 34: by the end of it the learner can read a newspaper, write a real letter, joke. The same figure is on the course hub and in how the eleven rungs work.

What you can do when B2 is finished

  • Use أن-clauses and conditionals naturally
  • Debate with connectors and viewpoints
  • Discuss Arab culture with real fluency

B2, unit by unit

Advanced grammar

أن: أريد أن أدرس

Want TO do? أريد أن أدرس = I want to study! أن + bare present: يجب أن تذهب (you must go), يمكن أن آتي (I can come). Two verbs, one أن-bridge between them!

WordSay itMeaning
أنanto / that
أحتاجaḥtājI need
يجبyajibmust / should
يمكنyumkinit is possible / can
أستطيعastaṭīʿI can
أقررuqarrirI decide
أنسىansāI forget
أحاولuḥāwilI try
أن + bare present

أريد أن أدرس (I want to study), يجب أن تذهب (you must go), أحاول أن أفهم (I try to understand). After أن, verbs go bare: أن يدرسَ، أن تذهبَ!

want/must/can + أن + bare verb
WordSay itMeaning
أريد أن أدرس العربية.urīd an adrus al-ʿarabiyya.I want to study Arabic.
يجب أن تذهب.yajib an tadhhab.You must go.
يمكن أن آتي غدا.yumkin an ātī ghadan.I can come tomorrow.
Watch out:
  • Saying أريد أدرس without أن — bridge needs أن!
  • Using past after أن: أن + PRESENT-bare!

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
ليلىماذا تريد أن تفعل؟mādhā turīd an tafʿal?What do you want to do? (to m)
عمرأريد أن أدرس العربية.urīd an adrus al-ʿarabiyya.I want to study Arabic.
ليلىيجب أن تتدرب كل يوم!yajib an tatadarrab kull yawm!You must practise every day!
عمرسأحاول!sa-uḥāwil!I will try!

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. multiple choice, fill in the blank, translation, reverse translation, matching, reorder, sentence building, word selection, error correction, dialogue completion, reading comprehension, paragraph comprehension. Every exercise works on Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.

  1. multiple choicePractice 1 [multiple choice] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Choose the contextual meaning of أن (an).

    1. to / that
    2. I need
    3. must / should
    Show the answer

    to / that

  2. fill the gapPractice 2 [fill in the blank] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Type the complete Arabic script expression meaning “I need”.

    Show the answer

    أحتاج

  3. translatePractice 3 [translation] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Read يجب (yajib) and give its lesson meaning.

    Show the answer

    must / should

  4. translate into the languagePractice 4 [reverse translation] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Produce “it is possible / can” in Arabic script, not romanisation alone.

    Show the answer

    يمكن

  5. matchingPractice 5 [matching] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Match أستطيع to its contextual meaning.

    1. I decide
    2. I can
    3. I forget
    Show the answer

    I can

  6. put it in orderPractice 6 [reorder] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: I can come tomorrow.

    Show the answer

    يمكن أن آتي غدا.

  7. build the sentencePractice 7 [sentence building] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: I want to study Arabic.

    Show the answer

    أريد أن أدرس العربية.

  8. choose the wordPractice 8 [word selection] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Select the correct target form for “I try”.

    1. أن
    2. أحتاج
    3. أحاول
    Show the answer

    أحاول

  9. find the mistakePractice 9 [error correction] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Replace a script, morphology, particle, or register error with the lesson model for “I can come tomorrow.”.

    Show the answer

    يمكن أن آتي غدا.

  10. finish the dialoguePractice 10 [dialogue completion] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Complete عمر’s turn in the taught register: I want to study Arabic.

    Show the answer

    أريد أن أدرس العربية.

  11. readingPractice 11 [reading comprehension] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Read يجب أن تتدرب كل يوم! (yajib an tatadarrab kull yawm!). What exact detail is communicated?

    Show the answer

    You must practise every day!

  12. paragraphPractice 12 [paragraph comprehension] — أن: أريد أن أدرس: Read the complete dialogue and explain this turn’s function: سأحاول!

    Show the answer

    I will try!

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkأريد أن أدرس uses أن because…

    1. past tense
    2. bridge between two verbs
    3. plural
    4. formal
    Show the answer

    bridge between two verbs

    أن links want + do.

  2. quick checkيجب أن تذهب means…

    1. you want to go
    2. you must go
    3. you can go
    4. you try to go
    Show the answer

    you must go

    يجب = must.

  3. quick checkيمكن means…

    1. must
    2. can / possible
    3. want
    4. try
    Show the answer

    can / possible

    يمكن = it is possible.

  4. quick checkAfter أن verbs are…

    1. past
    2. bare present
    3. dual
    4. plural
    Show the answer

    bare present

    أن يدرسَ — bare!

  5. quick checkسأحاول means…

    1. I tried
    2. I will try
    3. I want
    4. I must
    Show the answer

    I will try

    سـ + أحاول = will try.

Worksheet: أن-clauses worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Translate to Arabic.to / that
I need
I try
أن
أحتاج
أحاول
Bridge verbs.I want to study
You must go
I can come tomorrow
أريد أن أدرس
يجب أن تذهب
يمكن أن آتي غدا
Coach a friend.You must practise every day!
I will try!
يجب أن تتدرب كل يوم
سأحاول
Integrated Arabic lab: read, transform in Arabic script, and rehearse aloud. Check Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.أريد أن أدرس العربية.
ماذا تريد أن تفعل؟
I want to study Arabic.
What do you want to do? (to m)

Review list. أن · أحتاج · يجب · يمكن

Conditionals: إذا ولو

IF power! إذا درستَ نجحتَ = If you study, you succeed (real). لو كان عندي وقت، لسافرتُ = If I HAD time, I WOULD travel (dream!). إذا = real, لو = unreal. Dream in Arabic!

WordSay itMeaning
إذاidhāif (real)
لوlawif (unreal)
عندماʿindamāwhen
كلماkullamāwhenever
إلاillāunless / except
سواءsawāʾwhether
ربماrubbamāperhaps
لعلlaʿallahopefully / may
إذا + past, past / لو + past, لـ+past

إذا درستَ نجحتَ (if you study, you succeed). لو كان عندي مال، لسافرتُ (if I had money, I'd travel) — answer takes لَـ!

إذا… … · لو… لـ…
WordSay itMeaning
إذا درستَ، نجحتَ.idhā darasta, najaḥta.If you study, you succeed.
لو كان عندي وقت، لسافرتُ.law kāna ʿindī waqt, la-sāfartu.If I had time, I would travel.
ربما سأسافر غدا.rubbamā sa-usāfir ghadan.Perhaps I will travel tomorrow.
Watch out:
  • Using future after إذا: إذا درستَ (past-form!), not ستدرس!
  • Forgetting لَـ in لو-answers: لسافرتُ with لَ!

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
عمرإذا درستَ، ستنجح.idhā darasta, sa-tanjaḥ.If you study, you will succeed. (to m)
ليلىولو كان عندي وقت أكثر؟wa law kāna ʿindī waqt akthar?And if I had more time?
عمرلنجحتِ أكثر!la-najaḥti akthar!You would succeed more! (to f)
ليلىإن شاء الله!in shāʾa allāh!God willing!

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. main idea, detail identification, inference, listening comprehension, dictation, listen and choose, listen and reorder, listen and fill, repeat after audio, pronunciation, shadowing, guided speaking. Every exercise works on Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.

  1. the main ideaPractice 2 [main idea] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: What is the central communicative purpose of “Conditionals: إذا ولو”?

    Show the answer

    IF power! إذا درستَ نجحتَ = If you study, you succeed (real).

  2. spot the detailPractice 3 [detail identification] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Read لنجحتِ أكثر! (la-najaḥti akthar!). What exact detail is communicated?

    Show the answer

    You would succeed more! (to f)

  3. what is meantPractice 4 [inference] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Infer the intended meaning or social force of إذا درستَ، نجحتَ. without overclaiming.

    Show the answer

    If you study, you succeed.

  4. listeningPractice 5 [listening comprehension] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Play the synthetic audio and give its precise contextual meaning.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    If you study, you will succeed. (to m)

  5. dictationPractice 6 [dictation] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Play the labeled synthetic Arabic audio and type the complete line in Arabic script.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    ولو كان عندي وقت أكثر؟

  6. listen and choosePractice 7 [listen and choose] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Play the synthetic audio and select its contextual meaning.

    1. You would succeed more! (to f)
    2. God willing!
    3. perhaps

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    You would succeed more! (to f)

  7. listen, then orderPractice 8 [listen and reorder] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: If I had time, I would travel.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    لو كان عندي وقت، لسافرتُ.

  8. listen and fillPractice 9 [listen and fill] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Play the synthetic audio and complete the line beginning “إذا…”.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    إذا درستَ، ستنجح.

  9. repeat itPractice 10 [repeat after audio] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Repeat the synthetic model with accurate phrase grouping; no microphone score is claimed.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    ولو كان عندي وقت أكثر؟

  10. pronunciationPractice 11 [pronunciation] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Practise عندما (ʿindamā) with the language-specific sound pattern. Self-check only.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    عندما

  11. shadow the audioPractice 12 [shadowing] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Shadow the synthetic Arabic model, preserving target rhythm and sound contrasts. Self-check only.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    إن شاء الله!

  12. guided speakingPractice 13 [guided speaking] — Conditionals: إذا ولو: Produce a spoken response demonstrating “Conditionals: إذا ولو”; compare with the model.

    Show the answer

    إذا درستَ، نجحتَ.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkإذا درستَ نجحتَ means…

    1. you studied and succeeded
    2. if you study, you succeed
    3. study then succeed!
    4. you will study
    Show the answer

    if you study, you succeed

    إذا = real if.

  2. quick checkلو signals…

    1. real plans
    2. unreal dreams
    3. orders
    4. questions
    Show the answer

    unreal dreams

    لو = if-only.

  3. quick checkلسافرتُ has لَ because…

    1. future
    2. لو-answer marker
    3. plural
    4. formal
    Show the answer

    لو-answer marker

    لو-answers take لَـ.

  4. quick checkربما means…

    1. always
    2. perhaps
    3. never
    4. must
    Show the answer

    perhaps

    ربما = perhaps.

  5. quick checkإن شاء الله means…

    1. thank God
    2. God willing
    3. God is great
    4. praise God
    Show the answer

    God willing

    Future + إن شاء الله!

Worksheet: Conditionals worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Translate to Arabic.if (real)
if (unreal)
perhaps
إذا
لو
ربما
Real and unreal.If you study, you succeed (m)
If I had time, I would travel
إذا درستَ، نجحتَ
لو كان عندي وقت، لسافرتُ
Encourage.If you study, you will succeed
God willing!
إذا درستَ، ستنجح
إن شاء الله!
Integrated Arabic lab: read, transform in Arabic script, and rehearse aloud. Check Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.إذا درستَ، نجحتَ.
إذا درستَ، ستنجح.
If you study, you succeed.
If you study, you will succeed. (to m)

Review list. إذا · لو · عندما · كلما

Relative clauses that carry an argument

الذي، التي، الذين turn a sentence into a noun you can argue about. The pronoun agrees with the antecedent — and everything inside the clause still has to be grammatically correct on its own.

WordSay itMeaning
الذيalladhīwho/which (m. sg.)
التيallatīwho/which (f. sg.)
الذينalladhīnawho (m. pl.)
حيثḥaythwhere, in that
اللذانalladhānithe two who
The clause agrees with its antecedent, the pronoun inside agrees with its job

التقرير الذي قرأتُه أمس (the report that I read yesterday — the ـه resumes the report). If the relative pronoun is the clause's subject, no resumptive pronoun: الرجل الذي وصل صديقي.

noun + alladhī/atī + clause with a resumptive pronoun
WordSay itMeaning
هذه هي الخطة التي اقترحها الفريق.hādhihi hiya al-khuṭṭa allatī iqtaraḥahā al-farīq.This is the plan that the team proposed.
البيانات التي وصلتنا ناقصة.al-bayānāt allatī waṣalatnā nāqiṣa.The data that reached us is incomplete.
كتبتُ إلى المدير الذي وعدني بالردّ.katabtu ilā al-mudīr alladhī waʿadanī bi-l-radd.I wrote to the director who promised me an answer.
Watch out:
  • التقرير التي قرأتُه. → التقرير الذي قرأتُه. التقرير is masculine: الذي.
  • الخطة الذي اقترحها الفريق. → الخطة التي اقترحها الفريق. الخطة is feminine: التي.

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
منىما رأيك في الاقتراح الذي أرسله المدير؟mā raʾyuk fī al-iqtirāḥ alladhī arsalahu al-mudīr?What do you think of the proposal the director sent?
طارقالفكرة التي فيه واضحة، لكنّ الأرقام التي تدعمها قديمة.al-fikra allatī fīhi wāḍiḥa, lākinna al-arqām allatī tadʿamuhā qadīma.The idea in it is clear, but the figures that support it are old.
منىإذاً نطلب البيانات التي وصلت هذا الأسبوع.idhan naṭlub al-bayānāt allatī waṣalat hādhā al-usbūʿ.Then we ask for the data that arrived this week.
طارقوهذا هو الحلّ الذي أقترحه أيضاً.wa-hādhā huwa al-ḥall alladhī aqtariḥuhu aydan.That is the solution I propose as well.

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. Arabic. Every exercise works on right-to-left script, root-and-pattern reading, case and agreement, formal fuṣḥā versus the spoken register learners actually hear.

  1. multiple choicePractice 1: [multiple choice] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Choose the meaning of الذي (alladhī) in this lesson.

    1. who/which (m. sg.)
    2. who/which (f. sg.)
    3. who (m. pl.)
    4. where, in that
    Show the answer

    who/which (m. sg.)

  2. fill the gapPractice 2: [fill in the blank] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Type the Arabic expression meaning “who/which (f. sg.)”.

    Show the answer

    التي

  3. translatePractice 3: [translation] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Interpret the Arabic script in context: هذه هي الخطة التي اقترحها الفريق. (hādhihi hiya al-khuṭṭa allatī iqtaraḥahā al-farīq.).

    Show the answer

    This is the plan that the team proposed.

  4. translate into the languagePractice 4: [reverse translation] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Write in Arabic script: The data that reached us is incomplete..

    Show the answer

    البيانات التي وصلتنا ناقصة.

  5. matchingPractice 5: [matching] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Match الذين to its lesson meaning.

    1. who (m. pl.)
    2. who/which (m. sg.)
    3. who/which (f. sg.)
    Show the answer

    who (m. pl.)

  6. put it in orderPractice 6: [reorder] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Reconstruct the lesson model in coherent Arabic: I wrote to the director who promised me an answer..

    Show the answer

    كتبتُ إلى المدير الذي وعدني بالردّ.

  7. build the sentencePractice 7: [sentence building] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Build the sentence with the lesson pattern (noun + alladhī/atī + clause with a resumptive pronoun): This is the plan that the team proposed..

    Show the answer

    هذه هي الخطة التي اقترحها الفريق.

  8. choose the wordPractice 8: [word selection] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Select the Arabic form for “where, in that”.

    1. حيث
    2. اللذان
    Show the answer

    حيث

  9. find the mistakePractice 9: [error correction] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Correct the model the lesson warns about: التقرير التي قرأتُه.

    Show the answer

    التقرير الذي قرأتُه.

  10. finish the dialoguePractice 10: [dialogue completion] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Complete the exchange with the studied response to: What do you think of the proposal the director sent?

    Show the answer

    الفكرة التي فيه واضحة، لكنّ الأرقام التي تدعمها قديمة.

  11. readingPractice 11: [reading comprehension] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Read “إذاً نطلب البيانات التي وصلت هذا الأسبوع.” (idhan naṭlub al-bayānāt allatī waṣalat hādhā al-usbūʿ.). What does it mean?

    Show the answer

    Then we ask for the data that arrived this week.

  12. paragraphPractice 12: [paragraph comprehension] Relative clauses that carry an argument — Read the lesson dialogue as a whole and give its key move: That is the solution I propose as well.

    Show the answer

    وهذا هو الحلّ الذي أقترحه أيضاً.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkWhich meaning best fits الذي?

    1. who/which (m. sg.)
    2. who/which (f. sg.)
    3. who (m. pl.)
    4. where, in that
    Show the answer

    who/which (m. sg.)

    الذي (alladhī) means who/which (m. sg.) in this lesson.

  2. quick checkWhich meaning best fits التي?

    1. who/which (f. sg.)
    2. who/which (m. sg.)
    3. who (m. pl.)
    4. where, in that
    Show the answer

    who/which (f. sg.)

    التي (allatī) means who/which (f. sg.) in this lesson.

  3. quick checkWhich meaning best fits الذين?

    1. who (m. pl.)
    2. who/which (m. sg.)
    3. who/which (f. sg.)
    4. where, in that
    Show the answer

    who (m. pl.)

    الذين (alladhīna) means who (m. pl.) in this lesson.

  4. quick checkWhich meaning best fits حيث?

    1. where, in that
    2. who/which (m. sg.)
    3. who/which (f. sg.)
    4. who (m. pl.)
    Show the answer

    where, in that

    حيث (ḥayth) means where, in that in this lesson.

  5. quick checkWhich meaning best fits اللذان?

    1. the two who
    2. who/which (m. sg.)
    3. who/which (f. sg.)
    4. who (m. pl.)
    Show the answer

    the two who

    اللذان (alladhāni) means the two who in this lesson.

Worksheet: Relative-clause worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Join with الذي / التي.قرأتُ التقرير. التقرير مفيد.
وصلت الطالبة. الطالبة من تونس.
التقرير الذي قرأتُه مفيد
الطالبة التي وصلت من تونس
Add the resumptive pronoun.الكتاب … كتبتُه
الرسالة … أرسلتُها
الكتاب الذي كتبتُه
الرسالة التي أرسلتُها
Integrated offline practice: read the first model, transform or extend it in Arabic script, then rehearse it as a dialogue. Self-check meaning, grammar, and register.هذه هي الخطة التي اقترحها الفريق.
ما رأيك في الاقتراح الذي أرسله المدير؟
This is the plan that the team proposed.
What do you think of the proposal the director sent?

Review list. الذي · التي · الذين · حيث

Debate

Debate connectors

Argue like an Arab intellectual! بالرغم من (despite), علاوة على (moreover), من ناحية… ومن جهة أخرى (on one hand… on the other), لذلك (therefore), باختصار (in short)!

WordSay itMeaning
لكنlākinbut
بالرغم منbi-ar-raghm mindespite
علاوة علىʿilāwatan ʿalāmoreover
من ناحيةmin nāḥiyaon one hand
من جهة أخرىmin jiha ukhrāon the other hand
لذلكli-dhāliktherefore
بالتاليbi-at-tālīconsequently
باختصارbi-ikhtiṣārin short
Connector chains

من ناحية… ومن جهة أخرى… frames both sides. بالرغم من + noun: بالرغم من السعر (despite the price). لذلك concludes: لذلك أنا مع المترو!

من ناحية… من جهة أخرى… لذلك…
WordSay itMeaning
المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام.al-mitrū jayyid, bi-ar-raghm min az-ziḥām.The metro is good, despite the crowding.
علاوة على ذلك، هو رخيص.ʿilāwatan ʿalā dhālik, huwa rakhīṣ.Moreover, it is cheap.
لذلك أنا مع المترو.li-dhālik anā maʿa al-mitrū.Therefore I'm for the metro.
Watch out:
  • Stopping at لكن — add بالرغم من + علاوة!
  • Saying بالرغم بدون من — needs بالرغم من!

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
ليلىالمترو أفضل، بالرغم من الزحام.al-mitrū afḍal, bi-ar-raghm min az-ziḥām.The metro is better, despite the crowding.
عمرلكن السيارة أسرع!lākinna as-sayyāra asraʿ!But the car is faster!
ليلىعلاوة على ذلك، المترو أرخص.ʿilāwatan ʿalā dhālik, al-mitrū arkhaṣ.Moreover, the metro is cheaper.
عمرباختصار، كلاهما مفيد!bi-ikhtiṣār, kilāhumā mufīd!In short, both are useful!

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. free response, roleplay, sentence writing, short writing, paraphrase, summary, guided composition, register transformation, tone identification, semantic distinction, contextual meaning, argument construction. Every exercise works on Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.

  1. answer in your own wordsPractice 3 [free response] — Debate connectors: Produce a spoken response demonstrating “Debate connectors”; compare with the model.

    Show the answer

    لذلك أنا مع المترو.

  2. role playPractice 4 [roleplay] — Debate connectors: Role-play عمر: In short, both are useful!

    Show the answer

    باختصار، كلاهما مفيد!

  3. write a sentencePractice 5 [sentence writing] — Debate connectors: Write one accurate Arabic script sentence using من جهة أخرى.

    Show the answer

    علاوة على ذلك، هو رخيص.

  4. short writingPractice 6 [short writing] — Debate connectors: Write 2–3 connected Arabic sentences applying this lesson’s grammar and register.

    Show the answer

    لذلك أنا مع المترو. المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام.

  5. say it another wayPractice 7 [paraphrase] — Debate connectors: Paraphrase without changing meaning, morphology, or politeness: المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام.

    Show the answer

    المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام.

  6. summarisePractice 8 [summary] — Debate connectors: Summarize the dialogue in one precise Arabic sentence.

    Show the answer

    باختصار، كلاهما مفيد!

  7. guided compositionPractice 9 [guided composition] — Debate connectors: Compose a short response using “من ناحية… من جهة أخرى… لذلك…”.

    Show the answer

    لذلك أنا مع المترو.

  8. change the registerPractice 10 [register transformation] — Debate connectors: Recast “The metro is good, despite the crowding.” in the formal, polite, or everyday register taught here.

    Show the answer

    المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام.

  9. read the tonePractice 11 [tone identification] — Debate connectors: Identify the tone or stance of علاوة على ذلك، هو رخيص..

    Show the answer

    The wording realizes Connector chains in the lesson-appropriate register.

  10. which one fitsPractice 12 [semantic distinction] — Debate connectors: Distinguish من ناحية and من جهة أخرى in meaning and grammatical use.

    Show the answer

    من ناحية means “on one hand”; من جهة أخرى means “on the other hand”. Context and grammar select between them.

  11. meaning in contextPractice 13 [contextual meaning] — Debate connectors: Explain the contextual force of من جهة أخرى here.

    Show the answer

    It contributes “on the other hand” within Connector chains.

  12. build the argumentPractice 14 [argument construction] — Debate connectors: Build a claim and supporting reason appropriate to “Debate connectors”.

    Show the answer

    علاوة على ذلك، هو رخيص. لذلك أنا مع المترو.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkبالرغم من means…

    1. moreover
    2. despite
    3. therefore
    4. in short
    Show the answer

    despite

    بالرغم من = despite.

  2. quick checkعلاوة على ذلك means…

    1. however
    2. moreover
    3. therefore
    4. although
    Show the answer

    moreover

    علاوة = moreover.

  3. quick checkلذلك means…

    1. but
    2. despite
    3. therefore
    4. perhaps
    Show the answer

    therefore

    لذلك = therefore.

  4. quick checkباختصار means…

    1. in short
    2. for example
    3. of course
    4. by the way
    Show the answer

    in short

    باختصار = in short.

  5. quick checkمن جهة أخرى means…

    1. on one hand
    2. on the other hand
    3. therefore
    4. despite
    Show the answer

    on the other hand

    Pairs with من ناحية.

Worksheet: Connectors worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Translate to Arabic.despite
moreover
therefore
بالرغم من
علاوة على
لذلك
Argue.The metro is good, despite the crowding
Moreover, it is cheap
Therefore I'm for the metro
المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام
علاوة على ذلك، هو رخيص
لذلك أنا مع المترو
Conclude.In short, both are useful!
Therefore I'm for the metro
باختصار، كلاهما مفيد!
لذلك أنا مع المترو
Integrated Arabic lab: read, transform in Arabic script, and rehearse aloud. Check Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.المترو جيد، بالرغم من الزحام.
المترو أفضل، بالرغم من الزحام.
The metro is good, despite the crowding.
The metro is better, despite the crowding.

Review list. لكن · بالرغم من · علاوة على · من ناحية

Viewpoints: وجهة نظر

State YOUR view! برأيي (in my opinion), من وجهة نظري (from my viewpoint), أوافقك الرأي (I agree with you), أعارض (I oppose), بصراحة (frankly), في الحقيقة (actually)!

WordSay itMeaning
وجهة نظرwijhat naẓarviewpoint
أوافقuwāfiqI agree
أعارضuʿāriḍI oppose
صحيحṣaḥīḥcorrect / true
خطأkhaṭaʾwrong / mistake
برأييbi-raʾyīin my opinion
في الحقيقةfī al-ḥaqīqaactually
بصراحةbi-ṣarāḥafrankly
برأيي… أوافقك الرأي

برأيي، المترو أفضل (in my opinion, the metro is better). أوافقك الرأي (I agree with you-m), أوافقكِ (f). أعارض هذه الفكرة (I oppose this idea)!

برأيي… · أوافقك/أعارض
WordSay itMeaning
برأيي، المترو أفضل.bi-raʾyī, al-mitrū afḍal.In my opinion, the metro is better.
أوافقك الرأي.uwāfiquka ar-raʾy.I agree with you. (m)
بصراحة، أعارض هذه الفكرة.bi-ṣarāḥa, uʿāriḍ hādhihī al-fikra.Frankly, I oppose this idea.
Watch out:
  • Saying أنا أوافق بدون ك — agree WITH: أوافقك!
  • Saying برأي بدون ي — MY opinion: برأيي!

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
عمربرأيي، السيارة أفضل.bi-raʾyī, as-sayyāra afḍal.In my opinion, the car is better.
ليلىبصراحة، أعارض. المترو أرخص!bi-ṣarāḥa, uʿāriḍ. al-mitrū arkhaṣ!Frankly, I disagree. The metro is cheaper!
عمرفي الحقيقة، معك حق.fī al-ḥaqīqa, maʿaki ḥaqq.Actually, you're right. (to f)
ليلىأوافقك الرأي أخيرا!uwāfiquka ar-raʾy akhīran!You agree with me at last! (to m)

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. discourse ordering, style rewriting, multiple choice, fill in the blank, translation, reverse translation, matching, reorder, sentence building, word selection, error correction, dialogue completion. Every exercise works on Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.

  1. order the textPractice 4 [discourse ordering] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: In my opinion, the metro is better.

    Show the answer

    برأيي، المترو أفضل.

  2. rewrite the stylePractice 5 [style rewriting] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Rewrite “I agree with you. (m)” in this lesson’s target style.

    Show the answer

    أوافقك الرأي.

  3. multiple choicePractice 6 [multiple choice] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Choose the contextual meaning of برأيي (bi-raʾyī).

    1. in my opinion
    2. actually
    3. frankly
    Show the answer

    in my opinion

  4. fill the gapPractice 7 [fill in the blank] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Type the complete Arabic script expression meaning “actually”.

    Show the answer

    في الحقيقة

  5. translatePractice 8 [translation] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Read بصراحة (bi-ṣarāḥa) and give its lesson meaning.

    Show the answer

    frankly

  6. translate into the languagePractice 9 [reverse translation] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Produce “viewpoint” in Arabic script, not romanisation alone.

    Show the answer

    وجهة نظر

  7. matchingPractice 10 [matching] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Match أوافق to its contextual meaning.

    1. I oppose
    2. I agree
    3. correct / true
    Show the answer

    I agree

  8. put it in orderPractice 11 [reorder] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: I agree with you. (m)

    Show the answer

    أوافقك الرأي.

  9. build the sentencePractice 12 [sentence building] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: Frankly, I oppose this idea.

    Show the answer

    بصراحة، أعارض هذه الفكرة.

  10. choose the wordPractice 13 [word selection] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Select the correct target form for “wrong / mistake”.

    1. برأيي
    2. في الحقيقة
    3. خطأ
    Show the answer

    خطأ

  11. find the mistakePractice 14 [error correction] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Replace a script, morphology, particle, or register error with the lesson model for “I agree with you. (m)”.

    Show the answer

    أوافقك الرأي.

  12. finish the dialoguePractice 15 [dialogue completion] — Viewpoints: وجهة نظر: Complete عمر’s turn in the taught register: Actually, you're right. (to f)

    Show the answer

    في الحقيقة، معك حق.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkأوافقك الرأي means…

    1. I oppose you
    2. I agree with you
    3. I ask you
    4. I thank you
    Show the answer

    I agree with you

    أوافق + ك = agree-with-you.

  2. quick checkبصراحة means…

    1. actually
    2. frankly
    3. possibly
    4. finally
    Show the answer

    frankly

    بصراحة = frankly.

  3. quick checkفي الحقيقة means…

    1. frankly
    2. actually
    3. finally
    4. nearly
    Show the answer

    actually

    في الحقيقة = in truth.

  4. quick checkخطأ means…

    1. correct
    2. wrong
    3. maybe
    4. new
    Show the answer

    wrong

    خطأ = wrong/mistake.

  5. quick checkوجهة نظر means…

    1. good idea
    2. viewpoint
    3. right answer
    4. true story
    Show the answer

    viewpoint

    وجهة نظر = viewpoint.

Worksheet: Viewpoints worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Translate to Arabic.in my opinion
I agree
I oppose
برأيي
أوافق
أعارض
Take sides.In my opinion, the metro is better
I agree with you (m)
Frankly, I oppose this idea
برأيي، المترو أفضل
أوافقك الرأي
بصراحة، أعارض هذه الفكرة
Concede.Actually, you're right (f)
At last!
في الحقيقة، معك حق
أخيرا!
Integrated Arabic lab: read, transform in Arabic script, and rehearse aloud. Check Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.برأيي، المترو أفضل.
برأيي، السيارة أفضل.
In my opinion, the metro is better.
In my opinion, the car is better.

Review list. وجهة نظر · أوافق · أعارض · صحيح

Hedging: how sure are you?

Arabic stacks certainty in a visible ladder: من المؤكد أنّ at the top, من المرجّح أنّ, من المحتمل أنّ in the middle, ربما and قد lower down. A professional who names their level of doubt is harder to argue with than one who asserts.

WordSay itMeaning
من المؤكدmin al-muʾakkadit is certain that
من المرجّحmin al-murajjaḥit is likely that
من المحتملmin al-muḥtamalit is possible that
ربماrubbamāperhaps
قدqadmay; already
Certainty ladder

من المرجّح أنّ الأسعار سترتفع. ربما نتأخر قليلاً. قد يكون التقرير جاهزاً غداً. Notice أنّ after the impersonal frames, and that ربما and قد attach to a verb.

min al-muʾakkad anna… > min al-murajjaḥ anna… > min al-muḥtamal anna… > rubbamā > qad
WordSay itMeaning
من المؤكد أنّ المشروع سيبدأ في يناير.min al-muʾakkad anna al-mashrūʿ sa-yabdā fī Yanyā.It is certain the project will start in January.
من المحتمل أنّ التكلفة أعلى من التقدير.min al-muḥtamal anna al-taklifa aʿlā min al-taqdīr.It is possible the cost is higher than the estimate.
قد نضطرّ إلى تأجيل الاجتماع.qad naḍṭarr ilā taʾjīl al-ijtimāʿ.We may have to postpone the meeting.
Watch out:
  • ربما الرئيس سيأتي. → ربما يأتي الرئيس. ربما normally introduces a verb in the jussive; سيأتي after ربما sounds like a translation.
  • من المحتمل التكلفة أعلى. → من المحتمل أنّ التكلفة أعلى. The impersonal frame needs أنّ to open the clause.

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
هيثمهل ستنشر النتائج غداً؟hal sa-tanshur al-natāʾij ghadan?Will you publish the results tomorrow?
ليلىمن المرجّح أنّها جاهزة غداً، ربما بعد الظهر.min al-murajjaḥ annahā jāhiza ghadan, rubbamā baʿda al-ẓuhr.They are likely ready tomorrow, perhaps in the afternoon.
هيثموهل الأرقام مؤكدة؟wa-hal al-arqām muʾakkada?And are the figures confirmed?
ليلىمن المحتمل أنّ رقماً أو رقمين سيتغيران.min al-muḥtamal anna raqman aw raqmayn sa-yataghayyarān.It is possible that a number or two will change.

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. Arabic. Every exercise works on right-to-left script, root-and-pattern reading, case and agreement, formal fuṣḥā versus the spoken register learners actually hear.

  1. multiple choicePractice 1: [multiple choice] Hedging: how sure are you? — Choose the meaning of من المؤكد (min al-muʾakkad) in this lesson.

    1. it is certain that
    2. it is likely that
    3. it is possible that
    4. perhaps
    Show the answer

    it is certain that

  2. fill the gapPractice 2: [fill in the blank] Hedging: how sure are you? — Type the Arabic expression meaning “it is likely that”.

    Show the answer

    من المرجّح

  3. translatePractice 3: [translation] Hedging: how sure are you? — Interpret the Arabic script in context: من المؤكد أنّ المشروع سيبدأ في يناير. (min al-muʾakkad anna al-mashrūʿ sa-yabdā fī Yanyā.).

    Show the answer

    It is certain the project will start in January.

  4. translate into the languagePractice 4: [reverse translation] Hedging: how sure are you? — Write in Arabic script: It is possible the cost is higher than the estimate..

    Show the answer

    من المحتمل أنّ التكلفة أعلى من التقدير.

  5. matchingPractice 5: [matching] Hedging: how sure are you? — Match من المحتمل to its lesson meaning.

    1. it is possible that
    2. it is certain that
    3. it is likely that
    Show the answer

    it is possible that

  6. put it in orderPractice 6: [reorder] Hedging: how sure are you? — Reconstruct the lesson model in coherent Arabic: We may have to postpone the meeting..

    Show the answer

    قد نضطرّ إلى تأجيل الاجتماع.

  7. build the sentencePractice 7: [sentence building] Hedging: how sure are you? — Build the sentence with the lesson pattern (min al-muʾakkad anna… > min al-murajjaḥ anna… > min al-muḥtamal anna… > rubbamā > qad): It is certain the project will start in January..

    Show the answer

    من المؤكد أنّ المشروع سيبدأ في يناير.

  8. choose the wordPractice 8: [word selection] Hedging: how sure are you? — Select the Arabic form for “perhaps”.

    1. ربما
    2. قد
    Show the answer

    ربما

  9. find the mistakePractice 9: [error correction] Hedging: how sure are you? — Correct the model the lesson warns about: ربما الرئيس سيأتي.

    Show the answer

    ربما يأتي الرئيس.

  10. finish the dialoguePractice 10: [dialogue completion] Hedging: how sure are you? — Complete the exchange with the studied response to: Will you publish the results tomorrow?

    Show the answer

    من المرجّح أنّها جاهزة غداً، ربما بعد الظهر.

  11. readingPractice 11: [reading comprehension] Hedging: how sure are you? — Read “وهل الأرقام مؤكدة؟” (wa-hal al-arqām muʾakkada?). What does it mean?

    Show the answer

    And are the figures confirmed?

  12. paragraphPractice 12: [paragraph comprehension] Hedging: how sure are you? — Read the lesson dialogue as a whole and give its key move: It is possible that a number or two will change.

    Show the answer

    من المحتمل أنّ رقماً أو رقمين سيتغيران.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkWhich meaning best fits من المؤكد?

    1. it is certain that
    2. it is likely that
    3. it is possible that
    4. perhaps
    Show the answer

    it is certain that

    من المؤكد (min al-muʾakkad) means it is certain that in this lesson.

  2. quick checkWhich meaning best fits من المرجّح?

    1. it is likely that
    2. it is certain that
    3. it is possible that
    4. perhaps
    Show the answer

    it is likely that

    من المرجّح (min al-murajjaḥ) means it is likely that in this lesson.

  3. quick checkWhich meaning best fits من المحتمل?

    1. it is possible that
    2. it is certain that
    3. it is likely that
    4. perhaps
    Show the answer

    it is possible that

    من المحتمل (min al-muḥtamal) means it is possible that in this lesson.

  4. quick checkWhich meaning best fits ربما?

    1. perhaps
    2. it is certain that
    3. it is likely that
    4. it is possible that
    Show the answer

    perhaps

    ربما (rubbamā) means perhaps in this lesson.

  5. quick checkWhich meaning best fits قد?

    1. may; already
    2. it is certain that
    3. it is likely that
    4. it is possible that
    Show the answer

    may; already

    قد (qad) means may; already in this lesson.

Worksheet: Hedging worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Put it on the certainty ladder.sure: the deal will close
likely: they accept
possible: a delay
من المؤكد أنّ الاتفاق سيُبرم
من المرجّح أنّهم يقبلون
من المحتمل أنّ هناك تأخيراً
Soften the claim.الأسعار ستنخفض. (possibly)
الحلّ سيعمل. (probably)
قد تنخفض الأسعار
من المرجّح أنّ الحلّ سيعمل
Integrated offline practice: read the first model, transform or extend it in Arabic script, then rehearse it as a dialogue. Self-check meaning, grammar, and register.من المؤكد أنّ المشروع سيبدأ في يناير.
هل ستنشر النتائج غداً؟
It is certain the project will start in January.
Will you publish the results tomorrow?

Review list. من المؤكد · من المرجّح · من المحتمل · ربما

Culture and mastery

Arab hospitality and culture

Arabs are famous for كرم (generosity)! أهلاً وسهلاً (welcome!), تفضل (please come in / help yourself!), البيت بيتك (my home is yours!). Coffee first, questions later — ضيافة (hospitality) is sacred!

WordSay itMeaning
كرمkaramgenerosity
ضيافةḍiyāfahospitality
قهوة عربيةqahwa ʿarabiyyaArabic coffee
تمرtamrdates
شعرshiʿrpoetry
سوقsūqmarket
مسجدmasjidmosque
عائلةʿāʾilafamily
Hospitality phrases

أهلاً وسهلاً (welcome!), تفضل/تفضلي (come in / have some!), البيت بيتك (make yourself at home!), صحتين (double health — said when someone eats/drinks)!

أهلاً وسهلاً · تفضل · صحتين
WordSay itMeaning
أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!ahlan wa sahlan! tafaḍḍal!Welcome! Come in! (m)
البيت بيتك.al-bayt baytuk.My home is yours. (m)
صحتين!ṣaḥḥatayn!Bless you (eating/drinking)!
Watch out:
  • Refusing coffee twice — first refusal is polite, second is final!
  • Saying شكرا and leaving — hospitality needs time!

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
عمرأهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!ahlan wa sahlan! tafaḍḍal!Welcome! Come in! (to m)
ليلىشكرا! البيت جميل!shukran! al-bayt jamīl!Thanks! The house is beautiful!
عمرالبيت بيتك. قهوة؟al-bayt baytuk. qahwa?My home is yours. Coffee? (to f)
ليلىنعم، من فضلك!naʿam, min faḍlik!Yes, please!

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. reading comprehension, paragraph comprehension, main idea, detail identification, inference, listening comprehension, dictation, listen and choose, listen and reorder, listen and fill, repeat after audio, pronunciation. Every exercise works on Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.

  1. readingPractice 5 [reading comprehension] — Arab hospitality and culture: Read أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل! (ahlan wa sahlan! tafaḍḍal!). What exact detail is communicated?

    Show the answer

    Welcome! Come in! (to m)

  2. paragraphPractice 6 [paragraph comprehension] — Arab hospitality and culture: Read the complete dialogue and explain this turn’s function: شكرا! البيت جميل!

    Show the answer

    Thanks! The house is beautiful!

  3. the main ideaPractice 7 [main idea] — Arab hospitality and culture: What is the central communicative purpose of “Arab hospitality and culture”?

    Show the answer

    Arabs are famous for كرم (generosity)! أهلاً وسهلاً (welcome!), تفضل (please come in / help yourself!), البيت بيتك (my home is yours!).

  4. spot the detailPractice 8 [detail identification] — Arab hospitality and culture: Read نعم، من فضلك! (naʿam, min faḍlik!). What exact detail is communicated?

    Show the answer

    Yes, please!

  5. what is meantPractice 9 [inference] — Arab hospitality and culture: Infer the intended meaning or social force of صحتين! without overclaiming.

    Show the answer

    Bless you (eating/drinking)!

  6. listeningPractice 10 [listening comprehension] — Arab hospitality and culture: Play the synthetic audio and give its precise contextual meaning.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    Thanks! The house is beautiful!

  7. dictationPractice 11 [dictation] — Arab hospitality and culture: Play the labeled synthetic Arabic audio and type the complete line in Arabic script.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    البيت بيتك. قهوة؟

  8. listen and choosePractice 12 [listen and choose] — Arab hospitality and culture: Play the synthetic audio and select its contextual meaning.

    1. Yes, please!
    2. Welcome! Come in! (to m)
    3. dates

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    Yes, please!

  9. listen, then orderPractice 13 [listen and reorder] — Arab hospitality and culture: Rebuild this model with correct Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register: Welcome! Come in! (m)

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!

  10. listen and fillPractice 14 [listen and fill] — Arab hospitality and culture: Play the synthetic audio and complete the line beginning “شكرا!…”.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    شكرا! البيت جميل!

  11. repeat itPractice 15 [repeat after audio] — Arab hospitality and culture: Repeat the synthetic model with accurate phrase grouping; no microphone score is claimed.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    البيت بيتك. قهوة؟

  12. pronunciationPractice 16 [pronunciation] — Arab hospitality and culture: Practise عائلة (ʿāʾila) with the language-specific sound pattern. Self-check only.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    عائلة

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkأهلاً وسهلاً means…

    1. goodbye
    2. welcome
    3. thanks
    4. sorry
    Show the answer

    welcome

    أهلاً وسهلاً = welcome!

  2. quick checkتفضل means…

    1. goodbye
    2. come in / have some
    3. thank you
    4. excuse me
    Show the answer

    come in / have some

    تفضل = please come/have (m).

  3. quick checkالبيت بيتك means…

    1. my home is big
    2. my home is yours
    3. your home is far
    4. this is home
    Show the answer

    my home is yours

    Make-yourself-at-home phrase.

  4. quick checkصحتين is said when…

    1. meeting
    2. eating/drinking
    3. leaving
    4. sleeping
    Show the answer

    eating/drinking

    Double-health blessing.

  5. quick checkضيافة means…

    1. generosity
    2. hospitality
    3. poetry
    4. family
    Show the answer

    hospitality

    ضيافة = hospitality.

Worksheet: Hospitality worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Translate to Arabic.welcome
generosity
dates
أهلاً وسهلاً
كرم
تمر
Host guests.Welcome! Come in! (m)
My home is yours (m)
Bless you (eating)!
أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!
البيت بيتك
صحتين!
Be a guest.Thanks! The house is beautiful!
Yes, please!
شكرا! البيت جميل!
نعم، من فضلك!
Integrated Arabic lab: read, transform in Arabic script, and rehearse aloud. Check Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!
أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!
Welcome! Come in! (m)
Welcome! Come in! (to m)

Review list. كرم · ضيافة · قهوة عربية · تمر

Storytelling mastery

Graduation! Spin tales: في البداية (in the beginning), ثم (then), بعد ذلك (after that), فجأة (suddenly), أخيرا (finally), في النهاية (in the end). Mix pasts, كان, لو-dreams. Tell YOUR Cairo story!

WordSay itMeaning
في البدايةfī al-bidāyain the beginning
بعد ذلكbaʿda dhālikafter that
أخيراakhīranfinally
في النهايةfī an-nihāyain the end
بالمناسبةbi-al-munāsababy the way
للأسفli-al-asafunfortunately
على العكسʿalā al-ʿakson the contrary
يا للأسفyā la-al-asafwhat a pity
Story spine: في البداية… في النهاية

في البداية… ثم… فجأة… أخيرا… في النهاية — the five-beat Arabic story spine. Wrap any tale and sound instantly fluent!

في البداية → ثم → فجأة → أخيرا
WordSay itMeaning
في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة.fī al-bidāya waṣaltu ilā al-qāhira.In the beginning I arrived in Cairo.
فجأة بدأ المطر!fajʾatan badaʾa al-maṭar!Suddenly the rain started!
في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدا.fī an-nihāya, nimtu saʿīdan.In the end, I slept happy.
Watch out:
  • Listing events without spine words — always في البداية…ثم!
  • Staying in one tense — mix وصلتُ + كان + سأسافر!

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
عمراحكِ قصتك!uḥkī qiṣṣatak!Tell your story! (to m)
ليلىفي البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة. كان الجو جميلا.fī al-bidāya waṣaltu ilā al-qāhira. kāna al-jaww jamīlan.In the beginning I arrived in Cairo. The weather was beautiful.
عمرثم ماذا؟thumma mādhā?Then what?
ليلىفجأة بدأ المطر! في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدة!fajʾatan badaʾa al-maṭar! fī an-nihāya, nimtu saʿīda!Suddenly the rain started! In the end, I slept happy! (f)

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. shadowing, guided speaking, free response, roleplay, sentence writing, short writing, paraphrase, summary, guided composition, register transformation, tone identification, semantic distinction. Every exercise works on Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.

  1. shadow the audioPractice 6 [shadowing] — Storytelling mastery: Shadow the synthetic Arabic model, preserving target rhythm and sound contrasts. Self-check only.

    audio drill — play it in the course player

    Show the answer

    في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة. كان الجو جميلا.

  2. guided speakingPractice 7 [guided speaking] — Storytelling mastery: Produce a spoken response demonstrating “Storytelling mastery”; compare with the model.

    Show the answer

    في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة.

  3. answer in your own wordsPractice 8 [free response] — Storytelling mastery: Produce a spoken response demonstrating “Storytelling mastery”; compare with the model.

    Show the answer

    فجأة بدأ المطر!

  4. role playPractice 9 [roleplay] — Storytelling mastery: Role-play عمر: Tell your story! (to m)

    Show the answer

    احكِ قصتك!

  5. write a sentencePractice 10 [sentence writing] — Storytelling mastery: Write one accurate Arabic script sentence using بعد ذلك.

    Show the answer

    في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة.

  6. short writingPractice 11 [short writing] — Storytelling mastery: Write 2–3 connected Arabic sentences applying this lesson’s grammar and register.

    Show the answer

    فجأة بدأ المطر! في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدا.

  7. say it another wayPractice 12 [paraphrase] — Storytelling mastery: Paraphrase without changing meaning, morphology, or politeness: في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدا.

    Show the answer

    في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدا.

  8. summarisePractice 13 [summary] — Storytelling mastery: Summarize the dialogue in one precise Arabic sentence.

    Show the answer

    احكِ قصتك!

  9. guided compositionPractice 14 [guided composition] — Storytelling mastery: Compose a short response using “في البداية → ثم → فجأة → أخيرا”.

    Show the answer

    فجأة بدأ المطر!

  10. change the registerPractice 15 [register transformation] — Storytelling mastery: Recast “In the end, I slept happy.” in the formal, polite, or everyday register taught here.

    Show the answer

    في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدا.

  11. read the tonePractice 16 [tone identification] — Storytelling mastery: Identify the tone or stance of في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة..

    Show the answer

    The wording realizes Story spine: في البداية… في النهاية in the lesson-appropriate register.

  12. which one fitsPractice 17 [semantic distinction] — Storytelling mastery: Distinguish في البداية and بعد ذلك in meaning and grammatical use.

    Show the answer

    في البداية means “in the beginning”; بعد ذلك means “after that”. Context and grammar select between them.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkThe story spine is…

    1. لكن، لأن، ثم
    2. في البداية، ثم، فجأة، في النهاية
    3. نعم، لا، ربما
    4. أنا، أنت، هو
    Show the answer

    في البداية، ثم، فجأة، في النهاية

    Beginning→then→suddenly→end.

  2. quick checkفجأة means…

    1. slowly
    2. suddenly
    3. finally
    4. then
    Show the answer

    suddenly

    فجأة = suddenly.

  3. quick checkفي النهاية means…

    1. in the beginning
    2. in the end
    3. suddenly
    4. by the way
    Show the answer

    in the end

    في النهاية = in the end.

  4. quick checkللأسف means…

    1. luckily
    2. unfortunately
    3. finally
    4. frankly
    Show the answer

    unfortunately

    للأسف = unfortunately.

  5. quick checkبالمناسبة means…

    1. finally
    2. by the way
    3. suddenly
    4. however
    Show the answer

    by the way

    بالمناسبة = by the way.

Worksheet: Storytelling worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Translate to Arabic.in the beginning
suddenly
in the end
في البداية
فجأة
في النهاية
Spine a story.In the beginning I arrived in Cairo
Suddenly the rain started
In the end, I slept happy
في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة
فجأة بدأ المطر
في النهاية، نمتُ سعيدا
Tell it.Tell your story! (m)
The weather was beautiful
احكِ قصتك!
كان الجو جميلا
Integrated Arabic lab: read, transform in Arabic script, and rehearse aloud. Check Arabic script direction, consonant/vowel reading support, gender/number, root-pattern awareness, and formal versus spoken register.في البداية وصلتُ إلى القاهرة.
احكِ قصتك!
In the beginning I arrived in Cairo.
Tell your story! (to m)

Review list. في البداية · بعد ذلك · أخيرا · في النهاية

Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة

ضيافة is not a hospitality industry; it is a duty. The host pushes food, the guest praises, and both know the script: تفضّل بالدخول، البيت بيتك، والله يكرمك for thanks in the spoken register. Formal letters use the same grammar with cooler words.

WordSay itMeaning
ضيفḍayfguest
مضيفmuḍīfhost
كرمkaramgenerosity
تفضّل بالدخولtafaḍḍal bi-l-dukhūlplease come in
البيت بيتكal-bayt baytakthe house is yours
Hospitality frames

The invitation is an imperative softened by the person: تفضّل بالدخول، تفضّلوا بالجلوس. Refusing food is negotiable, refusing the welcome is not: a single bite keeps the script intact.

tafaḍḍal bi- + verbal noun · al-bayt baytuk · imperative + min faḍlik
WordSay itMeaning
أهلاً وسهلاً، تفضّل بالدخول.ahlan wa-sahlan, tafaḍḍal bi-l-dukhūl.Welcome — please come in.
تفضّل، البيت بيتك.tafaḍḍal, al-bayt baytuk.Please, the house is yours.
شكراً لكرمك، لقد أفرطتَ في اللطف.shukran li-karamik, laqad afraṭta fī al-luṭf.Thank you for your generosity — you have gone too far in kindness.
Watch out:
  • العشاء كان كريم. → العشاء كان كريماً. كريم is an adjective here and takes the accusative after كان.
  • تفضّل بالدخول شكراً. → تفضّل بالدخول. The invitation is already polite; شكراً belongs to the answer.

Dialogue. Read it aloud twice — once for each speaker.

WhoLineSay itEnglish
المضيفأهلاً وسهلاً! تفضّل، البيت بيتك.ahlan wa-sahlan! tafaḍḍal, al-bayt baytuk.Welcome! Please, the house is yours.
الضيفشكراً لكرمك، هذا لطف كبير.shukran li-karamik, hādhā luṭf kabīr.Thank you for your generosity — that is great kindness.
المضيفتفضّل بعض الشاي والتمر.tafaḍḍal baʿḍ al-shāy wa-l-tamr.Please have some tea and dates.
الضيفبكل سرور، شكراً جزيلاً.bi-kull surūr, shukran jazīlan.With pleasure, thank you very much.

Practice (12). Answer first, then open the answer.

What this Arabic practice tests. Arabic. Every exercise works on right-to-left script, root-and-pattern reading, case and agreement, formal fuṣḥā versus the spoken register learners actually hear.

  1. multiple choicePractice 1: [multiple choice] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Choose the meaning of ضيف (ḍayf) in this lesson.

    1. guest
    2. host
    3. generosity
    4. please come in
    Show the answer

    guest

  2. fill the gapPractice 2: [fill in the blank] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Type the Arabic expression meaning “host”.

    Show the answer

    مضيف

  3. translatePractice 3: [translation] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Interpret the Arabic script in context: أهلاً وسهلاً، تفضّل بالدخول. (ahlan wa-sahlan, tafaḍḍal bi-l-dukhūl.).

    Show the answer

    Welcome — please come in.

  4. translate into the languagePractice 4: [reverse translation] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Write in Arabic script: Please, the house is yours..

    Show the answer

    تفضّل، البيت بيتك.

  5. matchingPractice 5: [matching] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Match كرم to its lesson meaning.

    1. generosity
    2. guest
    3. host
    Show the answer

    generosity

  6. put it in orderPractice 6: [reorder] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Reconstruct the lesson model in coherent Arabic: Thank you for your generosity — you have gone too far in kindness..

    Show the answer

    شكراً لكرمك، لقد أفرطتَ في اللطف.

  7. build the sentencePractice 7: [sentence building] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Build the sentence with the lesson pattern (tafaḍḍal bi- + verbal noun · al-bayt baytuk · imperative + min faḍlik): Welcome — please come in..

    Show the answer

    أهلاً وسهلاً، تفضّل بالدخول.

  8. choose the wordPractice 8: [word selection] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Select the Arabic form for “please come in”.

    1. تفضّل بالدخول
    2. البيت بيتك
    Show the answer

    تفضّل بالدخول

  9. find the mistakePractice 9: [error correction] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Correct the model the lesson warns about: العشاء كان كريم.

    Show the answer

    العشاء كان كريماً.

  10. finish the dialoguePractice 10: [dialogue completion] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Complete the exchange with the studied response to: Welcome! Please, the house is yours.

    Show the answer

    شكراً لكرمك، هذا لطف كبير.

  11. readingPractice 11: [reading comprehension] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Read “تفضّل بعض الشاي والتمر.” (tafaḍḍal baʿḍ al-shāy wa-l-tamr.). What does it mean?

    Show the answer

    Please have some tea and dates.

  12. paragraphPractice 12: [paragraph comprehension] Hosting and being hosted: كرم الضيافة — Read the lesson dialogue as a whole and give its key move: With pleasure, thank you very much.

    Show the answer

    بكل سرور، شكراً جزيلاً.

Quick check (5).

  1. quick checkWhich meaning best fits ضيف?

    1. guest
    2. host
    3. generosity
    4. please come in
    Show the answer

    guest

    ضيف (ḍayf) means guest in this lesson.

  2. quick checkWhich meaning best fits مضيف?

    1. host
    2. guest
    3. generosity
    4. please come in
    Show the answer

    host

    مضيف (muḍīf) means host in this lesson.

  3. quick checkWhich meaning best fits كرم?

    1. generosity
    2. guest
    3. host
    4. please come in
    Show the answer

    generosity

    كرم (karam) means generosity in this lesson.

  4. quick checkWhich meaning best fits تفضّل بالدخول?

    1. please come in
    2. guest
    3. host
    4. generosity
    Show the answer

    please come in

    تفضّل بالدخول (tafaḍḍal bi-l-dukhūl) means please come in in this lesson.

  5. quick checkWhich meaning best fits البيت بيتك?

    1. the house is yours
    2. guest
    3. host
    4. generosity
    Show the answer

    the house is yours

    البيت بيتك (al-bayt baytak) means the house is yours in this lesson.

Worksheet: Hospitality worksheet

TaskPromptsKey
Host the guest in Arabic.invite in
offer tea
insist a second time
تفضّل بالدخول
تفضّل بعض الشاي
لا، أصرّ، تفضّل مرة أخرى
Answer as the guest.praise the host
accept politely
شكراً لكرمك
بكل سرور، شكراً
Integrated offline practice: read the first model, transform or extend it in Arabic script, then rehearse it as a dialogue. Self-check meaning, grammar, and register.أهلاً وسهلاً، تفضّل بالدخول.
أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضّل، البيت بيتك.
Welcome — please come in.
Welcome! Please, the house is yours.

Review list. ضيف · مضيف · كرم · تفضّل بالدخول

Recall drills — 126 more questions from the B2 words

These 126 drills are generated from the Arabic B2 vocabulary list — the words of “Advanced grammar” through “Culture and mastery”, in both directions: recognition (word → meaning) and production (meaning → word). They re-ask what the course data already contains; no answer here was written by a machine, and a generated drill is practice, never a lesson.

Advanced grammar — 42 drills
AskAnswer
What does “أن” mean?to / that
How do you say “to / that” in Arabic?أن — say it “an”
What does “أحتاج” mean?I need
How do you say “I need” in Arabic?أحتاج — say it “aḥtāj”
What does “يجب” mean?must / should
How do you say “must / should” in Arabic?يجب — say it “yajib”
What does “يمكن” mean?it is possible / can
How do you say “it is possible / can” in Arabic?يمكن — say it “yumkin”
What does “أستطيع” mean?I can
How do you say “I can” in Arabic?أستطيع — say it “astaṭīʿ”
What does “أقرر” mean?I decide
How do you say “I decide” in Arabic?أقرر — say it “uqarrir”
What does “أنسى” mean?I forget
How do you say “I forget” in Arabic?أنسى — say it “ansā”
What does “أحاول” mean?I try
How do you say “I try” in Arabic?أحاول — say it “uḥāwil”
What does “إذا” mean?if (real)
How do you say “if (real)” in Arabic?إذا — say it “idhā”
What does “لو” mean?if (unreal)
How do you say “if (unreal)” in Arabic?لو — say it “law”
What does “عندما” mean?when
How do you say “when” in Arabic?عندما — say it “ʿindamā”
What does “كلما” mean?whenever
How do you say “whenever” in Arabic?كلما — say it “kullamā”
What does “إلا” mean?unless / except
How do you say “unless / except” in Arabic?إلا — say it “illā”
What does “سواء” mean?whether
How do you say “whether” in Arabic?سواء — say it “sawāʾ”
What does “ربما” mean?perhaps
How do you say “perhaps” in Arabic?ربما — say it “rubbamā”
What does “لعل” mean?hopefully / may
How do you say “hopefully / may” in Arabic?لعل — say it “laʿalla”
What does “الذي” mean?who/which (m. sg.)
How do you say “who/which (m. sg.)” in Arabic?الذي — say it “alladhī”
What does “التي” mean?who/which (f. sg.)
How do you say “who/which (f. sg.)” in Arabic?التي — say it “allatī”
What does “الذين” mean?who (m. pl.)
How do you say “who (m. pl.)” in Arabic?الذين — say it “alladhīna”
What does “حيث” mean?where, in that
How do you say “where, in that” in Arabic?حيث — say it “ḥayth”
What does “اللذان” mean?the two who
How do you say “the two who” in Arabic?اللذان — say it “alladhāni”
Debate — 42 drills
AskAnswer
What does “لكن” mean?but
How do you say “but” in Arabic?لكن — say it “lākin”
What does “بالرغم من” mean?despite
How do you say “despite” in Arabic?بالرغم من — say it “bi-ar-raghm min”
What does “علاوة على” mean?moreover
How do you say “moreover” in Arabic?علاوة على — say it “ʿilāwatan ʿalā”
What does “من ناحية” mean?on one hand
How do you say “on one hand” in Arabic?من ناحية — say it “min nāḥiya”
What does “من جهة أخرى” mean?on the other hand
How do you say “on the other hand” in Arabic?من جهة أخرى — say it “min jiha ukhrā”
What does “لذلك” mean?therefore
How do you say “therefore” in Arabic?لذلك — say it “li-dhālik”
What does “بالتالي” mean?consequently
How do you say “consequently” in Arabic?بالتالي — say it “bi-at-tālī”
What does “باختصار” mean?in short
How do you say “in short” in Arabic?باختصار — say it “bi-ikhtiṣār”
What does “وجهة نظر” mean?viewpoint
How do you say “viewpoint” in Arabic?وجهة نظر — say it “wijhat naẓar”
What does “أوافق” mean?I agree
How do you say “I agree” in Arabic?أوافق — say it “uwāfiq”
What does “أعارض” mean?I oppose
How do you say “I oppose” in Arabic?أعارض — say it “uʿāriḍ”
What does “صحيح” mean?correct / true
How do you say “correct / true” in Arabic?صحيح — say it “ṣaḥīḥ”
What does “خطأ” mean?wrong / mistake
How do you say “wrong / mistake” in Arabic?خطأ — say it “khaṭaʾ”
What does “برأيي” mean?in my opinion
How do you say “in my opinion” in Arabic?برأيي — say it “bi-raʾyī”
What does “في الحقيقة” mean?actually
How do you say “actually” in Arabic?في الحقيقة — say it “fī al-ḥaqīqa”
What does “بصراحة” mean?frankly
How do you say “frankly” in Arabic?بصراحة — say it “bi-ṣarāḥa”
What does “من المؤكد” mean?it is certain that
How do you say “it is certain that” in Arabic?من المؤكد — say it “min al-muʾakkad”
What does “من المرجّح” mean?it is likely that
How do you say “it is likely that” in Arabic?من المرجّح — say it “min al-murajjaḥ”
What does “من المحتمل” mean?it is possible that
How do you say “it is possible that” in Arabic?من المحتمل — say it “min al-muḥtamal”
What does “ربما” mean?perhaps
How do you say “perhaps” in Arabic?ربما — say it “rubbamā”
What does “قد” mean?may; already
How do you say “may; already” in Arabic?قد — say it “qad”
Culture and mastery — 42 drills
AskAnswer
What does “كرم” mean?generosity
How do you say “generosity” in Arabic?كرم — say it “karam”
What does “ضيافة” mean?hospitality
How do you say “hospitality” in Arabic?ضيافة — say it “ḍiyāfa”
What does “قهوة عربية” mean?Arabic coffee
How do you say “Arabic coffee” in Arabic?قهوة عربية — say it “qahwa ʿarabiyya”
What does “تمر” mean?dates
How do you say “dates” in Arabic?تمر — say it “tamr”
What does “شعر” mean?poetry
How do you say “poetry” in Arabic?شعر — say it “shiʿr”
What does “سوق” mean?market
How do you say “market” in Arabic?سوق — say it “sūq”
What does “مسجد” mean?mosque
How do you say “mosque” in Arabic?مسجد — say it “masjid”
What does “عائلة” mean?family
How do you say “family” in Arabic?عائلة — say it “ʿāʾila”
What does “في البداية” mean?in the beginning
How do you say “in the beginning” in Arabic?في البداية — say it “fī al-bidāya”
What does “بعد ذلك” mean?after that
How do you say “after that” in Arabic?بعد ذلك — say it “baʿda dhālik”
What does “أخيرا” mean?finally
How do you say “finally” in Arabic?أخيرا — say it “akhīran”
What does “في النهاية” mean?in the end
How do you say “in the end” in Arabic?في النهاية — say it “fī an-nihāya”
What does “بالمناسبة” mean?by the way
How do you say “by the way” in Arabic?بالمناسبة — say it “bi-al-munāsaba”
What does “للأسف” mean?unfortunately
How do you say “unfortunately” in Arabic?للأسف — say it “li-al-asaf”
What does “على العكس” mean?on the contrary
How do you say “on the contrary” in Arabic?على العكس — say it “ʿalā al-ʿaks”
What does “يا للأسف” mean?what a pity
How do you say “what a pity” in Arabic?يا للأسف — say it “yā la-al-asaf”
What does “ضيف” mean?guest
How do you say “guest” in Arabic?ضيف — say it “ḍayf”
What does “مضيف” mean?host
How do you say “host” in Arabic?مضيف — say it “muḍīf”
What does “كرم” mean?generosity
How do you say “generosity” in Arabic?كرم — say it “karam”
What does “تفضّل بالدخول” mean?please come in
How do you say “please come in” in Arabic?تفضّل بالدخول — say it “tafaḍḍal bi-l-dukhūl”
What does “البيت بيتك” mean?the house is yours
How do you say “the house is yours” in Arabic?البيت بيتك — say it “al-bayt baytak”

The B2 test — 10 items

The 10-item test closes Arabic B2. Answers are shown; in the course player the same test decides whether the next level unlocks.

  1. translate into the languageSay: I want to study Arabic

    Show the answer

    أريد أن أدرس العربية

  2. translate into the languageSay (m): If you study, you succeed

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    إذا درستَ، نجحتَ

  3. choose'You must go'

    1. تريد أن تذهب
    2. يجب أن تذهب
    3. يمكن أن تذهب
    4. تحاول أن تذهب
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    يجب أن تذهب

  4. translate into Englishلذلك أنا مع المترو.

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    Therefore I'm for the metro.

  5. fill the gap___، كلاهما مفيد! (In short)

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    باختصار

  6. choose'Welcome! Come in! (m)'

    1. مع السلامة! اذهب!
    2. أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!
    3. شكرا! عفوا!
    4. صباح الخير! مساء الخير!
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    أهلاً وسهلاً! تفضل!

  7. put it in orderOrder: المطر / بدأ / فجأة

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    فجأة بدأ المطر

  8. say it out loudSay aloud: برأيي، المترو أفضل.

    Show the answer

    برأيي، المترو أفضل.

  9. fill the gap___، نمتُ سعيدا. (In the end)

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    في النهاية

  10. translate into the languageSay: In my opinion, the metro is better

    Show the answer

    برأيي، المترو أفضل

Arabic B2 beyond the drills — culture, reading, listening, idioms

These sections are written for Arabic B2 specifically. The reading text is EkGuru's own; the culture note cites where its facts come from; the idioms and the mistakes list are the ones this level actually trips over.

Culture note

Formal written Arabic prefers nominal sentences for definitions and verbal sentences for events, and it signals the difference with particles rather than word order alone. إنّ opens a statement of fact with emphasis — إنّ الاتفاق عادل says 'the agreement IS just' — while أنّ packs the same clause into a noun ('that the agreement is just'). Getting these two right is what separates a learner's report from a document a ministry will read.

Source (named, not linked): en.wikipedia.org, the article “Arabic grammar”.

Reading — read this aloud, slowly

إنّ ارتفاع أسعار الطاقة أثّر على الاقتصاد خلال العام الماضي، ولا سيّما في القطاع الصناعي. وقد أشار التقرير إلى أنّ الحلول قصيرة الأمد لا تكفي، بينما يرى خبراء آخرون أنّ الاستثمار في الطاقة المتجددة هو الطريق الأضمن. في المقابل، يبقى السؤال الأهم: من يتحمّل كلفة التحوّل؟

What it says: The rise in energy prices affected the economy over the past year, especially in the industrial sector. The report noted that short-term solutions are not enough, while other experts believe that investment in renewable energy is the surest path. On the other hand, the most important question remains: who bears the cost of the transition?

Listening — one voice, one text

Use the speaker button to hear this text with a browser voice tagged ar-SA; playback starts only after a click. If no matching voice is installed, read it aloud yourself — the rhythm is the point.

أ: قبل أن نبدأ، ما البند الأول في جدول الأعمال؟<br>ب: الميزانية. لكنّ الفريق المالي لم ينتهِ من الأرقام.<br>أ: إذاً نؤجلها ونبدأ بالجدول الزمني.<br>ب: موافق، وسأرسل محضر الجلسة هذا المساء.

What it says: A: Before we begin, what is the first item on the agenda? B: The budget. But the finance team has not finished the figures. A: Then let's postpone it and start with the timeline. B: Agreed — I'll send the minutes this evening.

10 idioms and fixed phrases

IdiomWord for wordWhat it means
لا سيّماespecially notabove all, in particular
بمثابةin the position ofamounts to; serves as
خلافاً لماcontrary to whatcontrary to the claim that
في ضوء ما تقدمin the light of what precedesin view of the above
على حدّ سواءat one and the same limitequally, alike
في نهاية المطافat the end of the pathultimately
إذا جاز التعبيرif the expression is allowedso to speak
من ناحية أخرىfrom another sideon the other hand
بالاستناد إلىresting onon the basis of
بصورة لا لبس فيهاin a manner with no confusionunambiguously

The 3 mistakes this level makes

  • أعتقد أنّ الاتفاق عادل. → أعتقد أنّ الاتفاق عادلٌ. After أنّ the predicate of the clause is nominative: عادلٌ, not the pause form.
  • إنّ المشروع ناجح؟ → هل المشروع ناجح؟ إنّ asserts; it cannot do the work of a question, which needs هل or a question word.
  • ذهب المدير إلى المؤتمر ووقّع الاتفاق واجتمع مع الشركاء. → ذهب المدير إلى المؤتمر، ووقّع الاتفاق، واجتمع مع الشركاء. In formal prose a long chain of verbs needs commas; running three perfect verbs together without punctuation reads like a draft note.

Your task

Rewrite a decision in formal Arabic Take a real decision from your work (a price change, a deadline, a meeting outcome). Write it three times: one line with إنّ as an assertion, one with أنّ inside a reporting sentence (أشار التقرير إلى أنّ...), and one with a concession (صحيح أنّ... إلا أنّ...). Keep to twenty-five words each.

After B2: the B2+ checkpoint

B2+ is not a certificate — it is the half-step between Arabic B2 and the next level, and it is on this site’s ladder because language schools use it. You are at B2+ when you can run a meeting, read a contract, disagree well. Get there by working the recall drills above and the review deck until nothing on this page surprises you.

Keep going

Practice labQuiz, typing, worksheets and conversation scenarios for Arabic.Open the labs
Topic quizMultiple-choice questions from this course, with explanations.Take the quiz
Review deckThe core words ticked off until they stick.Open the deck
Course pagesThis language’s own pages — alphabet, lessons and starter pack.Open the course
All levelsThe ladder for Arabic: six levels and the half-steps between them.See every level
Play this levelKeeps score and unlocks the next level on this device.Open the player

Your device-only learning tools

Optional JavaScript tools. Completion is a self-report, not a proficiency certificate. Only a bounded same-origin file list is downloaded; audio may need an installed voice.

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